[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-beijing-march-15-sandstorm-protection-guide-zh":3,"article-related-beijing-march-15-sandstorm-protection-guide-zh":30,"series-industry-aac559da-d91a-4e87-9a53-0ff810c0fae8":84},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"content":7,"summary":8,"source":9,"source_url":10,"author":11,"image_url":12,"cover_image":12,"category":13,"language":14,"translated_content":11,"related_article_id":15,"keywords":16,"key_takeaways":11,"views":27,"created_at":28,"published_at":29,"topic_cluster_id":11},"aac559da-d91a-4e87-9a53-0ff810c0fae8","beijing-march-15-sandstorm-protection-guide-zh","北京3月15日沙塵暴怎麼防","\u003Cp>3月15日，北京又被沙塵洗臉。能見度\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fnews\u002Fredis-vector-search-quick-start-guide-zh\">快速\u003C\u002Fa>下滑，空氣裡的 PM\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fnews\u002Fibm-100b-vector-database-single-server-zh\">10\u003C\u002Fa> 也衝高。說白了，這種天氣不是一般霧霾，防護方式也不一樣。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>你可能會想問，沙塵暴到底要怎麼躲？答案很直接：先把灰塵擋在外面，再處理室內空氣，最後才是外出裝備。這篇就用最實用的方式拆給你看。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>先講重點。沙塵暴來得快，眼睛最先有感，鼻子和喉嚨也會很快乾掉。對住在北京，或北方其他城市的人來說，這不是拍照背景，是實際健康風險。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>3月15日北京發生了什麼\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>這次沙塵不是單點事件。它來自更大的沙塵輸送帶，風把內蒙古和戈壁一帶的鬆散土壤捲起來，再一路往東南推。北京剛好在路徑上，所以很容易中招。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cfigure class=\"my-6\">\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1776211433589-flz4.png\" alt=\"北京3月15日沙塵暴怎麼防\" class=\"rounded-xl w-full\" loading=\"lazy\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\u003Cp>沙塵暴和一般空污不一樣。一般空污多半跟交通、工業排放有關，粒徑也偏細。沙塵暴則是大量粗顆粒進城，PM10 常常是主角。這代表它更容易刺激眼睛、鼻腔和上呼吸道。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在城市裡，這種變化肉眼就看得出來。天空會變黃灰，\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fnews\u002Fphysics-informed-forecasting-off-grid-solar-zh\">太陽\u003C\u002Fa>看起來像隔了一層布，車窗和陽台也很快積灰。這種時候，不要只看 AQI。你更該看粒徑和風向。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>沙塵暴通常先影響能見度。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>PM10 是主要風險之一。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>灰塵會從窗縫、門縫進屋。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>眼睛刺痛常比咳嗽更早出現。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>室內怎麼做，才真的有用\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>先講最有效的原則：把外面的灰擋住。窗戶和門先關好，能不開就不開。若你家有新風系統，先確認進風口有沒有過濾，濾網是不是已經髒到不行。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>空氣清淨機有用，但前提是夠大台，而且真的有 HEPA 濾網。小台機器放在大客廳，效果通常很有限。講白了，這不是買了就有用，還要看 CADR 和房間坪數。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>很多人會忽略細節。像是門縫、窗框、浴室排風口，這些地方都可能讓灰塵慢慢滲進來。地板清潔也別用乾掃，乾掃只會把顆粒掃回空中。濕拖比較實在。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>先關窗，再開清淨機。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>選 HEPA 濾網，不要只看外型。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>HVAC 濾網要提早換。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>用濕布擦，不要乾掃。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>外出怎麼防，口罩怎麼選\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>如果可以，沙塵暴期間就別出門。真的非出不可，眼睛和呼吸道都要顧。包覆性好的護目鏡，比一般眼鏡實在很多。口罩則要選貼合度高的 N95、KN95，或同等級產品。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cfigure class=\"my-6\">\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1776211429981-flpb.png\" alt=\"北京3月15日沙塵暴怎麼防\" class=\"rounded-xl w-full\" loading=\"lazy\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">美國 CDC\u003C\u002Fa> 的建議很清楚。遇到空氣中的顆粒物，合適的呼吸防護能降低暴露。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WHO\u003C\u002Fa> 也建議，沙塵事件來時要減少戶外活動，必要時保護眼睛和呼吸道。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>這裡有個常見誤區。很多人以為一般外科口罩就夠了。其實在重沙塵下，外科口罩的貼合度和過濾能力都不夠穩。你要的是能貼臉、能擋粒子的裝備，不是聊勝於無的心理安慰。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cblockquote>“Avoid outdoor activities during a dust storm, and if you must go outside, wear a mask and goggles.” — World Health Organization\u003C\u002Fblockquote>\u003Cp>這句話很直白，也很合理。沙塵暴不是硬撐就會過去的考驗。家裡有氣喘、慢性支氣管炎，或其他肺部問題的人，更應該把外出門檻拉高。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>小孩和長輩也要特別留意。他們對灰塵的反應常常更快，可能一下就開始咳、流眼淚，或覺得胸口悶。症狀變重時，不要拖，先回到乾淨空氣裡。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>北京和其他城市比起來怎樣\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>北京常上新聞，但它不是唯一受害城市。像呼和浩特、蘭州，還有河北部分地區，春季都會遇到沙塵。差別在於，北京人口密度高，媒體關注也高，所以每次都特別有感。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>沙塵暴和霧霾也常被混在一起講。其實兩者來源不同。霧霾多半是城市內部排放累積，沙塵暴則是外來顆粒被風帶進來。這代表解法也不同。城市空污要管排放，沙塵還得管源頭土地。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>數據上也看得出差異。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.epa.gov\u002Fpm-pollution\u002Fparticulate-matter-pm-basics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPA\u003C\u002Fa> 把 PM10 定義為直徑 10 微米以下的顆粒。這類顆粒會刺激上呼吸道和眼睛。\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fnews-room\u002Ffact-sheets\u002Fdetail\u002Fair-pollution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WHO 空污資料頁\u003C\u002Fa> 也提到，顆粒暴露和呼吸、心血管風險有關，尤其是長期反覆暴露。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>北京常接收西北方向的沙塵。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>霧霾多半是本地排放累積。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>沙塵暴常在春季出現。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>源頭治理比單靠市區清掃更重要。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>空氣清淨機、濾網和家用設備怎麼選\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>很多人一看到灰塵，就衝去買清淨機。這步驟沒錯，但要買對。重點不是品牌名字多大，而是濾網類型、風量、和房間大小有沒有搭上。小房間用一台夠力的機器，才有感。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>如果你家有中央空調或新風系統，濾網等級要先看清楚。沙塵事件後，濾網很容易提早堵塞。濾網一堵，風量就掉，等於你花錢買一台低效率風扇。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>我覺得很多家庭最容易犯的錯，是只顧客廳，不顧臥室。其實睡覺時暴露時間最長。臥室如果能先整理好，效果通常比客廳更實際。至少你睡覺時不會一直吸灰。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>看 CADR，不要只看外觀。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>HEPA 濾網比便宜濾材更穩。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>臥室優先處理，因為停留時間最長。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>沙塵後要檢查濾網是否堵塞。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2>沙塵暴背後的產業和環境脈絡\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>沙塵暴不是單純的天氣新聞。它跟土地利用、草原退化、風蝕和氣候條件都有關。當地表太乾、植被太少，風一吹，土就起來了。這種問題不是一兩天能解掉。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fao.org\u002Fhome\u002Fen\u002F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FAO\u003C\u002Fa> 和中國的生態修復工程，都做過防風固沙、草地恢復、植被重建這類工作。這些措施不會讓沙塵立刻消失，但能慢慢減少可被捲起的鬆散土壤。這才是長線解法。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>從城市治理角度看，沙塵暴也提醒大家一件事。你不能只管市中心的空氣。源頭在城外，甚至在更遠的上風處。這也是為什麼北方城市每年春天都得反覆面對同一題。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>如果把它拿來跟一般空污比，差異很明顯。空污治理靠減排，沙塵治理靠土地管理和區域協作。兩邊都重要，但工具完全不同。這也是很多人會搞混的地方。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>結尾：把沙塵暴當成健康警報\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>北京 3 月 15 日這波沙塵暴，最值得記住的不是天空有多黃，而是它提醒了大家：灰塵不是景象，是暴露。你如果住在北方城市，最好先準備好 N95、確認清淨機濾網，還有家裡哪個房間最適合當乾淨空氣區。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>我會直接給一個建議。下次風起來前，就先把窗縫、濾網、口罩都弄好。別等灰進門了，才開始找說明書。你家現在有沒有一個可以立刻關門、關窗、開濾淨的房間？\u003C\u002Fp>","北京3月15日沙塵暴把 PM10 拉到高檔。這篇整理室內、戶外與空氣清淨機的實用做法，教你怎麼避開沙塵刺激。","www.zhihu.com","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhihu.com\u002Fen\u002Fanswer\u002F1781256819",null,"https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1776211433589-flz4.png","industry","zh","9caba638-5a3d-4c35-8755-86d965455fb5",[17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26],"北京沙塵暴","PM10","沙塵防護","空氣清淨機","N95","KN95","WHO","CDC","霧霾","北方空污",7,"2026-04-15T00:03:34.668317+00:00","2026-04-15T00:03:34.474+00:00",{"tags":31,"relatedLang":43,"relatedPosts":47},[32,33,34,36,37,38,40,42],{"name":26,"slug":26},{"name":25,"slug":25},{"name":22,"slug":35},"kn95",{"name":19,"slug":19},{"name":17,"slug":17},{"name":21,"slug":39},"n95",{"name":23,"slug":41},"who",{"name":20,"slug":20},{"id":15,"slug":44,"title":45,"language":46},"beijing-march-15-sandstorm-protection-guide-en","Beijing’s March 15 Sandstorm: How to Stay Safe","en",[48,54,60,66,72,78],{"id":49,"slug":50,"title":51,"cover_image":52,"image_url":52,"created_at":53,"category":13},"c323ffb6-20c8-468a-9d37-68e801588ee5","5-takeaways-from-spurs-vs-trail-blazers-game-5-zh","5 個 Spurs 對 Trail Blazers Game 5 重點","https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1780546677776-oc0j.png","2026-06-04T04:17:25.558061+00:00",{"id":55,"slug":56,"title":57,"cover_image":58,"image_url":58,"created_at":59,"category":13},"0231f359-f786-4e6c-8104-d3fae443f98b","4-chipotle-promo-details-for-members-zh","4 個 Chipotle 會員活動重點","https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1780540375071-5xa3.png","2026-06-04T02:32:19.54736+00:00",{"id":61,"slug":62,"title":63,"cover_image":64,"image_url":64,"created_at":65,"category":13},"39e4c1b2-4a8d-4baf-86eb-f65d4f6c3624","why-chipotle-53000-burrito-stunt-smart-brand-marketing-zh","為什麼 Chipotle 的 53,000 捲餅活動是聰明的品牌行銷","https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1780538579630-nkln.png","2026-06-04T02:02:28.454411+00:00",{"id":67,"slug":68,"title":69,"cover_image":70,"image_url":70,"created_at":71,"category":13},"53955aa8-9120-41c1-b342-6ca40e24b6ee","apples-gemini-deal-turns-cloud-ai-into-local-ai-zh","Apple 把雲端 AI 拆成本機 AI","https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1780535908899-g9ua.png","2026-06-04T01:18:03.319604+00:00",{"id":73,"slug":74,"title":75,"cover_image":76,"image_url":76,"created_at":77,"category":13},"a1119341-06e2-47ed-95f0-192f89c277a7","sec-draft-plan-puts-crypto-rules-first-zh","SEC草案把加密規則排第一","https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1780534108464-yi2d.png","2026-06-04T00:48:00.749142+00:00",{"id":79,"slug":80,"title":81,"cover_image":82,"image_url":82,"created_at":83,"category":13},"87a8a5d1-7284-4c58-aa53-9f353d5a2800","why-jensen-huang-keynote-bigger-than-nvidia-zh","為什麼 Jensen Huang 的 keynote 比 Nvidia 更重要","https:\u002F\u002Fxxdpdyhzhpamafnrdkyq.supabase.co\u002Fstorage\u002Fv1\u002Fobject\u002Fpublic\u002Fcovers\u002Finline-1780530468418-zi6e.png","2026-06-03T23:47:22.014083+00:00",[85,90,95,100,105,110,115,120,125,130],{"id":86,"slug":87,"title":88,"created_at":89},"ee073da7-28b3-4752-a319-5a501459fb87","ai-in-2026-what-actually-matters-now-zh","2026 AI 真正重要的事","2026-03-26T07:09:12.008134+00:00",{"id":91,"slug":92,"title":93,"created_at":94},"83bd1795-8548-44c9-9a7e-de50a0923f71","trump-ai-framework-power-speech-state-preemption-zh","川普 AI 框架瞄準電力、言論與州權","2026-03-26T07:12:18.695466+00:00",{"id":96,"slug":97,"title":98,"created_at":99},"ea6be18b-c903-4e54-97b7-5f7447a612e0","nvidia-gtc-2026-big-ai-announcements-zh","NVIDIA GTC 2026 重點拆解","2026-03-26T07:14:26.62638+00:00",{"id":101,"slug":102,"title":103,"created_at":104},"4bcec76f-4c36-4daa-909f-54cd702f7c93","claude-users-spreading-out-and-getting-better-zh","Claude 用戶更分散，也更會用","2026-03-26T07:22:52.325888+00:00",{"id":106,"slug":107,"title":108,"created_at":109},"bd903b15-2473-4178-9789-b7557816e535","openclaw-raises-hard-question-for-ai-models-zh","OpenClaw 逼問 AI 模型價值","2026-03-26T07:24:54.707486+00:00",{"id":111,"slug":112,"title":113,"created_at":114},"eeac6b9e-ad9d-4831-8eec-8bba3f9bca6a","gap-google-gemini-checkout-fashion-search-zh","Gap 把結帳搬進 Gemini","2026-03-26T07:28:23.937768+00:00",{"id":116,"slug":117,"title":118,"created_at":119},"0740e53f-605d-4d57-8601-c10beb126f3c","google-pushes-gemini-transition-to-march-2026-zh","Google 把 Gemini 轉換延到 2026 年 3…","2026-03-26T07:30:12.825269+00:00",{"id":121,"slug":122,"title":123,"created_at":124},"e660d801-2421-4529-8fa9-86b82b066990","metas-llama-4-benchmark-scandal-gets-worse-zh","Meta Llama 4 分數風波又擴大","2026-03-26T07:34:21.156421+00:00",{"id":126,"slug":127,"title":128,"created_at":129},"183f9e7c-e143-40bb-a6d5-67ba84a3a8bc","accenture-mistral-ai-sovereign-enterprise-deal-zh","Accenture 攜手 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